CRIMINAL LAW - Professor Moskovitz

MIDTERM EXAM - Tuesday, March 12, 1996

 

OUTLINE OF ISSUES

 

 

I. Murder

 

     A. Intent to kill? One slug in belly not much evidence of this. No threats.

 

     B. Intent to commit serious bodily injury? No evidence.

 

     C. Depraved heart (extreme recklessness)?

 

          How high was risk D was aware of? Compare Bolsinger.

             

          1. Slug in belly near stairwell?

 

          2. D knew V was drunk, likely to lose balance.

 

     D. Felony murder?

 

          1. Larceny? Doesn’t qualify. See Phillips.

 

          2. Robbery?

 

                 a. Of torts book?

 

                          I. Did D take book? (Yes, as he took possession momentarily. Carrying                                  away not required.)

 

                          II. Did D have intent to steal? Doesn’t seem so, as it was his book. But is                    “claim of right” a defense to robbery? Seems so, under Pennsylvania cases.

 

                          III. Did D use force to take book? Seems so, as he pulled it back.

 

                 b. Of crim book?

 

                           I. Did D intend to permanently deprive V of this book?

 

                           II. Did D use force to take book?

 

                 c. Was killing committed in perpetration of robbery? Compare Salas. Seems                                  so, as during escape, and D had not reached point of temporary safety.

 

     3. Burglary?

 

            a. Intent to steal at time of entry into building?

 

                     I. Intent to permanently deprive V of criminal law book?

 

                     II. When he entered building?   

 

            b. Is entry into locker an entry into part of the building? If so, did D have intent to                      permanently deprive at that point?

 

            c. Was killing in perpetration of burglary?

 

II. First Degree Murder

 

         A. No evidence of premeditation.

 

         B. But first degree conviction might be based on robbery or buglary.

 

 

III. Involuntary Manslaughter

 

     If risk insufficiently high for depraved heart, it might nevertheless be sufficient for involuntary manslaughter. Compare Bolsinger.

 

 

IV. Voluntary Manslaughter

 

    A. Were V’s actions sufficient to provoke reasonable person to heat of passion?

 

    B. Was D actually provoked to heat of passion?

 

    C. Would reasonable person have cooled off?

 

    D. Did D cool off?